Abstract
While zone-melted (ZM) Bi2Te3 is a standard commercially available thermoelectric (TE) material, it suffers from not being sufficiently mechanically robust due to the presence of the van der Waals bonded Te-Te layers that reduce the product yield and compromise operational reliability. Polycrystalline materials prepared by powder metallurgy techniques exhibit improved mechanical properties but usually lose the desired texture exhibited by ZM ingots, and this affects their TE performance. It is highly desirable to be able to fabricate Bi2Te3-based bulk materials with anisotropies similar to a single crystal, yet being mechanically strong as the polycrystalline specimens. Herein, we combine for the first time the thermal explosion technique with selective laser melting (SLM) to synthesize the highly textured p-type Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 bulk material. Structural analysis (FESEM and XRD) indicates that the slender columnar grains grew along the building direction (BD) of the structure and the orientation factor reached up to 0.9, close to that representing a single crystal. TEM images revealed a high density of dislocations inside the grains. Since the printed compound has a high degree of texture, the TE and mechanical properties exhibit a highly anisotropic behavior. The maximum ZT of annealed samples parallel to the BD was 1.1, similar to that of the single crystal. However, the compressive strength of the structure reached up to 91 MPa, some 2.5 times the strength of a typical single crystal (37 MPa), and even higher than that of Spark Plasma Sintered (SPS) polycrystalline samples (80 MPa). Meanwhile, the mechanical cutting performance was much superior compared to that of the ZM ingot, and TE legs could be cut to sizes as small as 0.2 mm. A micro-TE module assembled using SLM-printed high performance p-type BiSbTe and SPS-compacted n-type BiTeSe materials showed the maximum cooling temperature difference of 62 °C. The work provides a facile and effective solution for preparation of Bi2Te3-based materials with high texture, robust mechanical properties, and excellent TE performance. As such, it lays a solid foundation for rapid in situ 3D printing of Bi2Te3-based micro-TE devices.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 3106-3117 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Energy and Environmental Science |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2019 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Environmental Chemistry
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Nuclear Energy and Engineering
- Pollution
Cite this
3D Printing of highly textured bulk thermoelectric materials : Mechanically robust BiSbTe alloys with superior performance. / Qiu, Junhao; Yan, Yonggao; Luo, Tingting; Tang, Kechen; Yao, Lei; Zhang, Jian; Zhang, Min; Su, Xianli; Tan, Gangjian; Xie, Hongyao; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.; Uher, Ctirad; Tang, Xinfeng.
In: Energy and Environmental Science, Vol. 12, No. 10, 10.2019, p. 3106-3117.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - 3D Printing of highly textured bulk thermoelectric materials
T2 - Mechanically robust BiSbTe alloys with superior performance
AU - Qiu, Junhao
AU - Yan, Yonggao
AU - Luo, Tingting
AU - Tang, Kechen
AU - Yao, Lei
AU - Zhang, Jian
AU - Zhang, Min
AU - Su, Xianli
AU - Tan, Gangjian
AU - Xie, Hongyao
AU - Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
AU - Uher, Ctirad
AU - Tang, Xinfeng
PY - 2019/10
Y1 - 2019/10
N2 - While zone-melted (ZM) Bi2Te3 is a standard commercially available thermoelectric (TE) material, it suffers from not being sufficiently mechanically robust due to the presence of the van der Waals bonded Te-Te layers that reduce the product yield and compromise operational reliability. Polycrystalline materials prepared by powder metallurgy techniques exhibit improved mechanical properties but usually lose the desired texture exhibited by ZM ingots, and this affects their TE performance. It is highly desirable to be able to fabricate Bi2Te3-based bulk materials with anisotropies similar to a single crystal, yet being mechanically strong as the polycrystalline specimens. Herein, we combine for the first time the thermal explosion technique with selective laser melting (SLM) to synthesize the highly textured p-type Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 bulk material. Structural analysis (FESEM and XRD) indicates that the slender columnar grains grew along the building direction (BD) of the structure and the orientation factor reached up to 0.9, close to that representing a single crystal. TEM images revealed a high density of dislocations inside the grains. Since the printed compound has a high degree of texture, the TE and mechanical properties exhibit a highly anisotropic behavior. The maximum ZT of annealed samples parallel to the BD was 1.1, similar to that of the single crystal. However, the compressive strength of the structure reached up to 91 MPa, some 2.5 times the strength of a typical single crystal (37 MPa), and even higher than that of Spark Plasma Sintered (SPS) polycrystalline samples (80 MPa). Meanwhile, the mechanical cutting performance was much superior compared to that of the ZM ingot, and TE legs could be cut to sizes as small as 0.2 mm. A micro-TE module assembled using SLM-printed high performance p-type BiSbTe and SPS-compacted n-type BiTeSe materials showed the maximum cooling temperature difference of 62 °C. The work provides a facile and effective solution for preparation of Bi2Te3-based materials with high texture, robust mechanical properties, and excellent TE performance. As such, it lays a solid foundation for rapid in situ 3D printing of Bi2Te3-based micro-TE devices.
AB - While zone-melted (ZM) Bi2Te3 is a standard commercially available thermoelectric (TE) material, it suffers from not being sufficiently mechanically robust due to the presence of the van der Waals bonded Te-Te layers that reduce the product yield and compromise operational reliability. Polycrystalline materials prepared by powder metallurgy techniques exhibit improved mechanical properties but usually lose the desired texture exhibited by ZM ingots, and this affects their TE performance. It is highly desirable to be able to fabricate Bi2Te3-based bulk materials with anisotropies similar to a single crystal, yet being mechanically strong as the polycrystalline specimens. Herein, we combine for the first time the thermal explosion technique with selective laser melting (SLM) to synthesize the highly textured p-type Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 bulk material. Structural analysis (FESEM and XRD) indicates that the slender columnar grains grew along the building direction (BD) of the structure and the orientation factor reached up to 0.9, close to that representing a single crystal. TEM images revealed a high density of dislocations inside the grains. Since the printed compound has a high degree of texture, the TE and mechanical properties exhibit a highly anisotropic behavior. The maximum ZT of annealed samples parallel to the BD was 1.1, similar to that of the single crystal. However, the compressive strength of the structure reached up to 91 MPa, some 2.5 times the strength of a typical single crystal (37 MPa), and even higher than that of Spark Plasma Sintered (SPS) polycrystalline samples (80 MPa). Meanwhile, the mechanical cutting performance was much superior compared to that of the ZM ingot, and TE legs could be cut to sizes as small as 0.2 mm. A micro-TE module assembled using SLM-printed high performance p-type BiSbTe and SPS-compacted n-type BiTeSe materials showed the maximum cooling temperature difference of 62 °C. The work provides a facile and effective solution for preparation of Bi2Te3-based materials with high texture, robust mechanical properties, and excellent TE performance. As such, it lays a solid foundation for rapid in situ 3D printing of Bi2Te3-based micro-TE devices.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85073877141&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85073877141&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1039/c9ee02044f
DO - 10.1039/c9ee02044f
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85073877141
VL - 12
SP - 3106
EP - 3117
JO - Energy and Environmental Science
JF - Energy and Environmental Science
SN - 1754-5692
IS - 10
ER -