Abstract
Monte Carlo simulation has been used to characterize the capillary force due to the condensation of a liquid meniscus between a tip with a nanoscale asperity and a flat surface. To consider both hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules coating the tip as a model of dip-pen nanolithography, tips with various wettabilities are studied. The capillary force due to the meniscus is calculated for various saturations (humidities). We have implemented a thermodynamic integration technique that can project the force into energetic and entropic contributions. In most cases, the force is mainly energetic in origin. At the snap-off separation where the meniscus disappears, the tip feels a significant entropic force at high saturation. Our calculation shows nonmonotonic behavior of the pull-off force as a function of saturation, which is in qualitative accord with experiments.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Number of pages | 1 |
| Journal | Physical Review Letters |
| Volume | 90 |
| Issue number | 15 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Jan 1 2003 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)
Cite this
Capillary Force on a Nanoscale Tip in Dip-Pen Nanolithography. / Jang, Joonkyung; Schatz, George C; Ratner, Mark A.
In: Physical Review Letters, Vol. 90, No. 15, 01.01.2003.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Capillary Force on a Nanoscale Tip in Dip-Pen Nanolithography
AU - Jang, Joonkyung
AU - Schatz, George C
AU - Ratner, Mark A
PY - 2003/1/1
Y1 - 2003/1/1
N2 - Monte Carlo simulation has been used to characterize the capillary force due to the condensation of a liquid meniscus between a tip with a nanoscale asperity and a flat surface. To consider both hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules coating the tip as a model of dip-pen nanolithography, tips with various wettabilities are studied. The capillary force due to the meniscus is calculated for various saturations (humidities). We have implemented a thermodynamic integration technique that can project the force into energetic and entropic contributions. In most cases, the force is mainly energetic in origin. At the snap-off separation where the meniscus disappears, the tip feels a significant entropic force at high saturation. Our calculation shows nonmonotonic behavior of the pull-off force as a function of saturation, which is in qualitative accord with experiments.
AB - Monte Carlo simulation has been used to characterize the capillary force due to the condensation of a liquid meniscus between a tip with a nanoscale asperity and a flat surface. To consider both hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules coating the tip as a model of dip-pen nanolithography, tips with various wettabilities are studied. The capillary force due to the meniscus is calculated for various saturations (humidities). We have implemented a thermodynamic integration technique that can project the force into energetic and entropic contributions. In most cases, the force is mainly energetic in origin. At the snap-off separation where the meniscus disappears, the tip feels a significant entropic force at high saturation. Our calculation shows nonmonotonic behavior of the pull-off force as a function of saturation, which is in qualitative accord with experiments.
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U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.156104
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.90.156104
M3 - Article
VL - 90
JO - Physical Review Letters
JF - Physical Review Letters
SN - 0031-9007
IS - 15
ER -