Abstract
10 mol% Gd-doped ceria (10GDC) ceramics, with grain size in the single micron range, display electrostrictive behavior under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure. In weak, quasi-static electric fields, i.e. <1 kV/cm, frequency <1 Hz, the longitudinal strain is measured to be proportional to the square of the applied electric field, albeit with the corresponding electrostrictive strain coefficient (M33) displaying large variability between samples: −(2-20)·10−17 (m/V)2. Nevertheless, |M33| of all samples exceeds the values expected on the basis of the classical (Newnham) electrostriction scaling law by up to two orders of magnitude. A systematic study reveals the functional dependence of M33 on frequency: above 10 Hz, |M33| decreases to ≈10−18 (m/V)2, which may be characterized as non-Debye relaxation with non-ideality factor 0.35–1.13. For frequencies ≤1.5 Hz, increasing the field strength beyond 1 kV/cm results in an exponential decrease in |M33|: the longitudinal strain saturates at 1-4 ppm. Dielectric impedance spectra suggest that partitioning of the applied voltage between grain boundaries and grain cores may be a factor contributing both to the large variability in the electrostriction parameters, and to the strong dependence on electric field amplitude. The frequency dependence may have two sources: the slow electric field-driven reorganization of the Ce-containing active complexes in the electrostrictive medium as well as the influence of the grain boundaries. 10GDC ceramics may therefore be added to the list of non-classical electrostrictors which includes reduced and Gd-doped ceria thin films and (Nb,Y)-doped bismuth oxide ceramics.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 411-418 |
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Acta Materialia |
| Volume | 144 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 1 2018 |
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Keywords
- Electrostriction
- Gd-doped ceria
- Grain boundaries
- Impedance spectroscopy
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Ceramics and Composites
- Polymers and Plastics
- Metals and Alloys
Cite this
Relaxation and saturation of electrostriction in 10 mol% Gd-doped ceria ceramics. / Yavo, Nimrod; Yeheskel, Ori; Wachtel, Ellen; Ehre, David; Frenkel, Anatoly I.; Lubomirsky, Igor.
In: Acta Materialia, Vol. 144, 01.02.2018, p. 411-418.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Relaxation and saturation of electrostriction in 10 mol% Gd-doped ceria ceramics
AU - Yavo, Nimrod
AU - Yeheskel, Ori
AU - Wachtel, Ellen
AU - Ehre, David
AU - Frenkel, Anatoly I.
AU - Lubomirsky, Igor
PY - 2018/2/1
Y1 - 2018/2/1
N2 - 10 mol% Gd-doped ceria (10GDC) ceramics, with grain size in the single micron range, display electrostrictive behavior under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure. In weak, quasi-static electric fields, i.e. <1 kV/cm, frequency <1 Hz, the longitudinal strain is measured to be proportional to the square of the applied electric field, albeit with the corresponding electrostrictive strain coefficient (M33) displaying large variability between samples: −(2-20)·10−17 (m/V)2. Nevertheless, |M33| of all samples exceeds the values expected on the basis of the classical (Newnham) electrostriction scaling law by up to two orders of magnitude. A systematic study reveals the functional dependence of M33 on frequency: above 10 Hz, |M33| decreases to ≈10−18 (m/V)2, which may be characterized as non-Debye relaxation with non-ideality factor 0.35–1.13. For frequencies ≤1.5 Hz, increasing the field strength beyond 1 kV/cm results in an exponential decrease in |M33|: the longitudinal strain saturates at 1-4 ppm. Dielectric impedance spectra suggest that partitioning of the applied voltage between grain boundaries and grain cores may be a factor contributing both to the large variability in the electrostriction parameters, and to the strong dependence on electric field amplitude. The frequency dependence may have two sources: the slow electric field-driven reorganization of the Ce-containing active complexes in the electrostrictive medium as well as the influence of the grain boundaries. 10GDC ceramics may therefore be added to the list of non-classical electrostrictors which includes reduced and Gd-doped ceria thin films and (Nb,Y)-doped bismuth oxide ceramics.
AB - 10 mol% Gd-doped ceria (10GDC) ceramics, with grain size in the single micron range, display electrostrictive behavior under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure. In weak, quasi-static electric fields, i.e. <1 kV/cm, frequency <1 Hz, the longitudinal strain is measured to be proportional to the square of the applied electric field, albeit with the corresponding electrostrictive strain coefficient (M33) displaying large variability between samples: −(2-20)·10−17 (m/V)2. Nevertheless, |M33| of all samples exceeds the values expected on the basis of the classical (Newnham) electrostriction scaling law by up to two orders of magnitude. A systematic study reveals the functional dependence of M33 on frequency: above 10 Hz, |M33| decreases to ≈10−18 (m/V)2, which may be characterized as non-Debye relaxation with non-ideality factor 0.35–1.13. For frequencies ≤1.5 Hz, increasing the field strength beyond 1 kV/cm results in an exponential decrease in |M33|: the longitudinal strain saturates at 1-4 ppm. Dielectric impedance spectra suggest that partitioning of the applied voltage between grain boundaries and grain cores may be a factor contributing both to the large variability in the electrostriction parameters, and to the strong dependence on electric field amplitude. The frequency dependence may have two sources: the slow electric field-driven reorganization of the Ce-containing active complexes in the electrostrictive medium as well as the influence of the grain boundaries. 10GDC ceramics may therefore be added to the list of non-classical electrostrictors which includes reduced and Gd-doped ceria thin films and (Nb,Y)-doped bismuth oxide ceramics.
KW - Electrostriction
KW - Gd-doped ceria
KW - Grain boundaries
KW - Impedance spectroscopy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85033393382&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85033393382&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.10.056
DO - 10.1016/j.actamat.2017.10.056
M3 - Article
VL - 144
SP - 411
EP - 418
JO - Acta Materialia
JF - Acta Materialia
SN - 1359-6454
ER -