TY - JOUR
T1 - Self-assembly of electronically abrupt borophene/organic lateral heterostructures
AU - Liu, Xiaolong
AU - Wei, Zonghui
AU - Balla, Itamar
AU - Mannix, Andrew J.
AU - Guisinger, Nathan P.
AU - Luijten, Erik
AU - Hersam, Mark C.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank J. D. Wood and M. Han for valuable discussions. This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research (ONR N00014-14-1-0669) and the Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (NSF DMR-1121262). MD simulations were conducted on computing facilities provided through the User Nanoscience Research Program at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, which is a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility. Author contributions: X.L. and M.C.H. conceived the experiments. X.L. performed sample preparation, STM/STS, and AFM characterization. Z.W. and E.L. designed the model, and Z.W. performed MD simulations. X.L. and I.B. performed XPS experiments and data processing. A.J.M. provided assistance with borophene growth. All authors contributed to data interpretation and manuscript writing. Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Data and materials availability: All data needed to evaluate the conclusions in the paper are present in the paper and/or the Supplementary Materials. Additional data related to this paper may be requested from the authors
PY - 2017/2
Y1 - 2017/2
N2 - Two-dimensional boron sheets (that is, borophene) have recently been realized experimentally and found to have promising electronic properties. Because electronic devices and systems require the integration of multiple materials with well-defined interfaces, it is of high interest to identify chemical methods for forming atomically abrupt heterostructures between borophene and electronically distinct materials. Toward this end, we demonstrate the self-assembly of lateral heterostructures between borophene and perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA). These lateral heterostructures spontaneously form upon deposition of PTCDA onto submonolayer borophene on Ag(111) substrates as a result of the higher adsorption enthalpy of PTCDA on Ag(111) and lateral hydrogen bonding among PTCDA molecules, as demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulations. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the weak chemical interaction between borophene and PTCDA, while molecular-resolution ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy reveal an electronically abrupt interface at the borophene/PTCDA lateral heterostructure interface. As the first demonstration of a borophene-based heterostructure, this work will inform emerging efforts to integrate borophene into nanoelectronic applications.
AB - Two-dimensional boron sheets (that is, borophene) have recently been realized experimentally and found to have promising electronic properties. Because electronic devices and systems require the integration of multiple materials with well-defined interfaces, it is of high interest to identify chemical methods for forming atomically abrupt heterostructures between borophene and electronically distinct materials. Toward this end, we demonstrate the self-assembly of lateral heterostructures between borophene and perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA). These lateral heterostructures spontaneously form upon deposition of PTCDA onto submonolayer borophene on Ag(111) substrates as a result of the higher adsorption enthalpy of PTCDA on Ag(111) and lateral hydrogen bonding among PTCDA molecules, as demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulations. In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the weak chemical interaction between borophene and PTCDA, while molecular-resolution ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy reveal an electronically abrupt interface at the borophene/PTCDA lateral heterostructure interface. As the first demonstration of a borophene-based heterostructure, this work will inform emerging efforts to integrate borophene into nanoelectronic applications.
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U2 - 10.1126/sciadv.1602356
DO - 10.1126/sciadv.1602356
M3 - Article
C2 - 28261662
AN - SCOPUS:85018960839
VL - 3
JO - Science advances
JF - Science advances
SN - 2375-2548
IS - 2
M1 - e1602356
ER -